CF1747D.Yet Another Problem

You are given an array $a$ of $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, a_3, \ldots, a_n$ .

You have to answer $q$ independent queries, each consisting of two integers $l$ and $r$ .

• Consider the subarray $a[l:r]$ $=$ $[a_l, a_{l+1}, \ldots, a_r]$ . You can apply the following operation to the subarray any number of times (possibly zero)-
  1. Choose two integers $L$ , $R$ such that $l \le L \le R \le r$ and $R - L + 1$ is odd.
  2. Replace each element in the subarray from $L$ to $R$ with the XOR of the elements in the subarray $[L, R]$ .
• The answer to the query is the minimum number of operations required to make all elements of the subarray $a[l:r]$ equal to $0$ or $-1$ if it is impossible to make all of them equal to $0$ .

You can find more details about XOR operation here.

The first line contains two integers $n$ and $q$ $(1 \le n, q \le 2 \cdot 10^5)$ — the length of the array $a$ and the number of queries.

The next line contains $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$ $(0 \le a_i \lt 2^{30})$ — the elements of the array $a$ .

The $i$ -th of the next $q$ lines contains two integers $l_i$ and $r_i$ $(1 \le l_i \le r_i \le n)$ — the description of the $i$ -th query.

For each query, output a single integer — the answer to that query.

In the first query, $l = 3, r = 4$ , subarray = $[3, 3]$ . We can apply operation only to the subarrays of length $1$ , which won't change the array; hence it is impossible to make all elements equal to $0$ .

In the second query, $l = 4, r = 6$ , subarray = $[3, 1, 2]$ . We can choose the whole subarray $(L = 4, R = 6)$ and replace all elements by their XOR $(3 \oplus 1 \oplus 2) = 0$ , making the subarray $[0, 0, 0]$ .

In the fifth query, $l = 1, r = 6$ , subarray = $[3, 0, 3, 3, 1, 2]$ . We can make the operations as follows:

1. Choose $L = 4, R = 6$ , making the subarray $[3, 0, 3, 0, 0, 0]$ .
2. Choose $L = 1, R = 5$ , making the subarray $[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]$ .