CF1546B.AquaMoon and Stolen String

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题目描述

AquaMoon had nn strings of length mm each. nn is an odd number.

When AquaMoon was gone, Cirno tried to pair these nn strings together. After making n12\frac{n-1}{2} pairs, she found out that there was exactly one string without the pair!

In her rage, she disrupted each pair of strings. For each pair, she selected some positions (at least 11 and at most mm ) and swapped the letters in the two strings of this pair at the selected positions.

For example, if m=6m = 6 and two strings "abcdef" and "xyzklm" are in one pair and Cirno selected positions 22 , 33 and 66 she will swap 'b' with 'y', 'c' with 'z' and 'f' with 'm'. The resulting strings will be "ayzdem" and "xbcklf".

Cirno then stole away the string without pair and shuffled all remaining strings in arbitrary order.

AquaMoon found the remaining n1n-1 strings in complete disarray. Also, she remembers the initial nn strings. She wants to know which string was stolen, but she is not good at programming. Can you help her?

输入格式

This problem is made as interactive. It means, that your solution will read the input, given by the interactor. But the interactor will give you the full input at the beginning and after that, you should print the answer. So you should solve the problem, like as you solve the usual, non-interactive problem because you won't have any interaction process. The only thing you should not forget is to flush the output buffer, after printing the answer. Otherwise, you can get an "Idleness limit exceeded" verdict. Refer to the interactive problems guide for the detailed information about flushing the output buffer.

The input consists of multiple test cases. The first line contains a single integer tt ( 1t1001 \leq t \leq 100 ) — the number of test cases.

The first line of each test case contains two integers nn , mm ( 1n1051 \leq n \leq 10^5 , 1m1051 \leq m \leq 10^5 ) — the number of strings and the length of each string, respectively.

The next nn lines each contain a string with length mm , describing the original nn strings. All string consists of lowercase Latin letters.

The next n1n-1 lines each contain a string with length mm , describing the strings after Cirno exchanged and reordered them.

It is guaranteed that nn is odd and that the sum of nmn \cdot m over all test cases does not exceed 10510^5 .

Hack format:

The first line should contain a single integer tt . After that tt test cases should follow in the following format:

The first line should contain two integers nn and mm .

The following nn lines should contain nn strings of length mm , describing the original strings.

The following n12\frac{n-1}{2} lines should describe the pairs. They should contain, in the following order: the index of the first string ii ( 1in1 \leq i \leq n ), the index of the second string jj ( 1jn1 \leq j \leq n , iji \neq j ), the number of exchanged positions kk ( 1km1 \leq k \leq m ), and the list of kk positions that are exchanged ( kk distinct indices from 11 to mm in any order).

The final line should contain a permutation of integers from 11 to nn , describing the way the strings should be reordered. The strings will be placed in the order indices placed in this permutation, the stolen string index will be ignored.

输出格式

For each test case print a single line with the stolen string.

输入输出样例

  • 输入#1

    3
    3 5
    aaaaa
    bbbbb
    ccccc
    aaaaa
    bbbbb
    3 4
    aaaa
    bbbb
    cccc
    aabb
    bbaa
    5 6
    abcdef
    uuuuuu
    kekeke
    ekekek
    xyzklm
    xbcklf
    eueueu
    ayzdem
    ukukuk

    输出#1

    ccccc
    cccc
    kekeke

说明/提示

In the first test case, "aaaaa" and "bbbbb" exchanged all positions, and "ccccc" is the stolen string.

In the second test case, "aaaa" and "bbbb" exchanged two first positions, and "cccc" is the stolen string.

This is the first test in the hack format:

<pre class="verbatim"><br></br>3<br></br>3 5<br></br>aaaaa<br></br>bbbbb<br></br>ccccc<br></br>1 2 5 1 2 3 4 5<br></br>2 1 3<br></br>3 4<br></br>aaaa<br></br>bbbb<br></br>cccc<br></br>1 2 2 1 2<br></br>2 1 3<br></br>5 6<br></br>abcdef<br></br>uuuuuu<br></br>kekeke<br></br>ekekek<br></br>xyzklm<br></br>1 5 3 2 3 6<br></br>2 4 3 2 4 6<br></br>5 4 1 2 3<br></br>
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