CF1242D.Number Discovery

普及/提高-

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题目描述

Ujan needs some rest from cleaning, so he started playing with infinite sequences. He has two integers nn and kk . He creates an infinite sequence ss by repeating the following steps.

  1. Find kk smallest distinct positive integers that are not in ss . Let's call them u1,u2,,uku_{1}, u_{2}, \ldots, u_{k} from the smallest to the largest.
  2. Append u1,u2,,uku_{1}, u_{2}, \ldots, u_{k} and i=1kui\sum_{i=1}^{k} u_{i} to ss in this order.
  3. Go back to the first step.

Ujan will stop procrastinating when he writes the number nn in the sequence ss . Help him find the index of nn in ss . In other words, find the integer xx such that sx=ns_{x} = n . It's possible to prove that all positive integers are included in ss only once.

输入格式

The first line contains a single integer tt ( 1t1051 \le t \le 10^{5} ), the number of test cases.

Each of the following tt lines contains two integers nn and kk ( 1n10181 \le n \le 10^{18} , 2k1062 \le k \le 10^{6} ), the number to be found in the sequence ss and the parameter used to create the sequence ss .

输出格式

In each of the tt lines, output the answer for the corresponding test case.

输入输出样例

  • 输入#1

    2
    10 2
    40 5
    

    输出#1

    11
    12
    

说明/提示

In the first sample, s=(1,2,3,4,5,9,6,7,13,8,10,18,)s = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 6, 7, 13, 8, 10, 18, \ldots) . 1010 is the 1111 -th number here, so the answer is 1111 .

In the second sample, s=(1,2,3,4,5,15,6,7,8,9,10,40,)s = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 15, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 40, \ldots) .

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