不愧是入门的，直接上cmp

#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int n;
struct stu {
    int id, gold, silver, bronze, sum;
    string name;
};
bool cmp(stu a, stu b) {
    if(a.sum != b.sum) return a.sum > b.sum;
    else if(a.gold != b.gold) return a.gold > b.gold;
    else if(a.silver != b.silver) return a.silver > b.silver;
    else return a.id < b.id;
}
stu a[100005];
int main() {
    cin >> n;
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        a[i].id = i;
        cin >> a[i].name >> a[i].gold >> a[i].silver >> a[i].bronze;
        a[i].sum = a[i].gold + a[i].silver + a[i].bronze;
    }
    sort(a + 1, a + n + 1, cmp);
    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
        cout << a[i].name << ' ' << a[i].sum << endl;
    }
    return 0;
}